3345: The Lowdown on Personalised Nutrition by Nadia Mazari with Ideal Nutrition on Holistic Approach

[00:00:00] [SPEAKER_02]: Optimal Immune is your partner for the immune system.

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[00:00:27] [SPEAKER_01]: This is Optimal Living Daily, The Lowdown on Personalised Nutrition by Nadia Mazari with IdealNutrition.com.au

[00:00:35] [SPEAKER_01]: and I'm Justin Malik.

[00:00:38] [SPEAKER_01]: This is a podcast where I read to you every day kind of like an audiobook,

[00:00:41] [SPEAKER_01]: but on Sundays I share an episode from a different podcast where we read to you

[00:00:45] [SPEAKER_01]: and today's comes from my brother's show Optimal Health Daily.

[00:00:48] [SPEAKER_01]: If you'd like more about fitness, nutrition, diet and anything health related,

[00:00:54] [SPEAKER_01]: you can find Optimal Health Daily wherever you get your podcasts.

[00:00:57] [SPEAKER_01]: You can even submit your own questions and have them answered on Friday editions of the show.

[00:01:01] [SPEAKER_01]: If you do that, you'll get a copy of our Optimal Living Daily Workbook for free.

[00:01:06] [SPEAKER_01]: You can send a health related question to health at oldpodcast.com

[00:01:10] [SPEAKER_01]: and then listen into that show on Fridays.

[00:01:12] [SPEAKER_01]: Again, that's Optimal Health Daily.

[00:01:15] [SPEAKER_01]: But with that, let's get right to the bonus episode as we optimize your life.

[00:01:18] [SPEAKER_00]: The Lowdown on Personalised Nutrition by Nadia Mazari with IdealNutrition.com.au

[00:01:31] [SPEAKER_00]: Personalised nutrition is a burgeoning niche within the trends of personalized medicine and scientific wellness.

[00:01:38] [SPEAKER_00]: Promising highly individual solutions to dieting woes, longevity and a plethora of other health struggles,

[00:01:45] [SPEAKER_00]: it's no wonder that personalized nutrition has become both a buzzword and a commercial enterprise.

[00:01:50] [SPEAKER_00]: This has left many puzzled by its health claims, unable to sort fact from fiction.

[00:01:56] [SPEAKER_00]: Perhaps most startling, however, are the sensationalist headlines spreading through social media platforms

[00:02:02] [SPEAKER_00]: that discretionary foods such as chips could be healthier for you than salad.

[00:02:08] [SPEAKER_00]: So let's explore what personalized nutrition really does offer you

[00:02:13] [SPEAKER_00]: and if such claims hold some truth.

[00:02:16] [SPEAKER_00]: What is personalized nutrition?

[00:02:18] [SPEAKER_00]: There is yet to be an agreed upon definition of personalized nutrition.

[00:02:23] [SPEAKER_00]: The term is often used interchangeably with nutrigenomics, nutrigenetics or nutritional genomics.

[00:02:31] [SPEAKER_00]: All of these concepts, however, describe a highly individual approach to nutrition

[00:02:35] [SPEAKER_00]: that involves utilizing one's genetic makeup.

[00:02:38] [SPEAKER_00]: Commercial solutions or wellness programs obtain your genetic profile through microbiome samples,

[00:02:45] [SPEAKER_00]: blood tests or saliva swabs.

[00:02:47] [SPEAKER_00]: This is of course often followed by collecting your diet history, lifestyle factors

[00:02:52] [SPEAKER_00]: and other anthropometrics.

[00:02:54] [SPEAKER_00]: This wealth of data are then put through machine learning algorithms

[00:02:58] [SPEAKER_00]: to come up with highly targeted solutions for your health.

[00:03:01] [SPEAKER_00]: After collecting your data, the program is carried out online or through video or phone consultations.

[00:03:08] [SPEAKER_00]: How was the term personalized nutrition coined?

[00:03:11] [SPEAKER_00]: Personalized nutrition has been a concept explored within the scientific discipline

[00:03:15] [SPEAKER_00]: for more than a decade.

[00:03:17] [SPEAKER_00]: However, the idea didn't really come into public lexicon until roughly 2015.

[00:03:22] [SPEAKER_00]: In 2015, a group of Israeli researchers from the Weizmann Institute of Science

[00:03:27] [SPEAKER_00]: published a revolutionary study demonstrating the highly individual characteristics

[00:03:31] [SPEAKER_00]: of glycemic responses.

[00:03:34] [SPEAKER_00]: The study was just one phase of the long term personalized nutrition project,

[00:03:39] [SPEAKER_00]: which was the brainchild of Dr. Aaron Elanov and Dr. Aaron Siegel.

[00:03:44] [SPEAKER_00]: The published phase of the study was led by David Zevi and Tal Koram,

[00:03:48] [SPEAKER_00]: PhD students in the Aaron Siegel lab, who collaborated with other researchers

[00:03:52] [SPEAKER_00]: across scientific disciplines.

[00:03:55] [SPEAKER_00]: Their study involved continuously testing the post-prandial glucose response

[00:03:59] [SPEAKER_00]: over the course of a week in a cohort of 800 people with various medical histories

[00:04:05] [SPEAKER_00]: who cumulatively consumed more than 46,000 meals.

[00:04:09] [SPEAKER_00]: Genetic, lifestyle, and anthropometric data from each participant

[00:04:13] [SPEAKER_00]: were churned through the machine learning algorithms.

[00:04:16] [SPEAKER_00]: The results shocked the scientific community.

[00:04:19] [SPEAKER_00]: It appeared that there was high variability in post-prandial glucose responses

[00:04:23] [SPEAKER_00]: among those who consume the same food.

[00:04:27] [SPEAKER_00]: Bananas, for instance, increased one subject's post-prandial glucose response

[00:04:32] [SPEAKER_00]: more than cookies, and vice versa in another subject.

[00:04:36] [SPEAKER_00]: These results enabled Zevi and colleagues to curate the algorithm diet,

[00:04:41] [SPEAKER_00]: which they validated in another 100 subjects.

[00:04:44] [SPEAKER_00]: A short-term nutritional intervention was then conducted

[00:04:47] [SPEAKER_00]: on another 26 participants with promising results.

[00:04:51] [SPEAKER_00]: So how did personalized nutrition become another buzzword?

[00:04:55] [SPEAKER_00]: Since the publication of Zevi and colleagues' results,

[00:04:58] [SPEAKER_00]: many more studies in a personalized nutrition have been conducted,

[00:05:01] [SPEAKER_00]: while most of these studies provide further insight into the growing discipline,

[00:05:05] [SPEAKER_00]: some wellness programs and media platforms have exploited the evidence.

[00:05:10] [SPEAKER_00]: As many may have minimal scientific understanding,

[00:05:13] [SPEAKER_00]: they have managed to spread pseudoscientific claims to vulnerable individuals

[00:05:17] [SPEAKER_00]: such as French fries are better than salad.

[00:05:21] [SPEAKER_00]: While it's true that French fries might increase the post-prandial glucose

[00:05:25] [SPEAKER_00]: of one person more than a salad would,

[00:05:27] [SPEAKER_00]: that person's health and nutrition do not whittle down to just their glycemic response.

[00:05:33] [SPEAKER_00]: A salad would undoubtedly offer many more vitamins, minerals,

[00:05:38] [SPEAKER_00]: and antioxidants than a serving of fries.

[00:05:41] [SPEAKER_00]: The mix of foods in a salad also enables a variety of micronutrients

[00:05:44] [SPEAKER_00]: to interact and provide you with the best chance at nutrient absorption.

[00:05:50] [SPEAKER_00]: How is personalized nutrition different from standard medical nutrition therapy?

[00:05:54] [SPEAKER_00]: Firstly, given the relatively young field of personalized nutrition,

[00:05:59] [SPEAKER_00]: no long-term studies exist on the efficacy of targeting certain genes

[00:06:03] [SPEAKER_00]: in the treatment of specific metabolic conditions.

[00:06:06] [SPEAKER_00]: While most studies to date have provided us with great insight and promise

[00:06:10] [SPEAKER_00]: for such therapeutic approaches,

[00:06:13] [SPEAKER_00]: conclusions have been population-based rather than individual-based.

[00:06:17] [SPEAKER_00]: Commercial programs have capitalized on such conclusions.

[00:06:20] [SPEAKER_00]: Some of them citing, for instance, that if you have a variant in the ApoA2 gene,

[00:06:26] [SPEAKER_00]: you have a predisposition to obesity.

[00:06:29] [SPEAKER_00]: So increased consumption of saturated fatty acids will likely lead to cardiovascular disease.

[00:06:34] [SPEAKER_00]: Although this theory makes sense,

[00:06:36] [SPEAKER_00]: cardiovascular disease like many other metabolic diseases is multifactorial

[00:06:41] [SPEAKER_00]: and cannot be put down to a single gene alone.

[00:06:44] [SPEAKER_00]: We would all in fact benefit from a diet low in saturated fat.

[00:06:48] [SPEAKER_00]: Where we are with the evidence for personalized nutrition

[00:06:51] [SPEAKER_00]: means that commercial programs are more of a luxury for those interested

[00:06:56] [SPEAKER_00]: in improving their overall lifestyle,

[00:06:58] [SPEAKER_00]: rather than a clinical strategy for a medical condition.

[00:07:02] [SPEAKER_00]: Personalized nutrition programs offered via the internet

[00:07:04] [SPEAKER_00]: cannot replace the advice of a health professional

[00:07:07] [SPEAKER_00]: versed in communicating evidence-based information to their clients.

[00:07:12] [SPEAKER_00]: The crux of personalized nutrition.

[00:07:15] [SPEAKER_00]: Personalized nutrition is still a developing field within the scientific discipline.

[00:07:20] [SPEAKER_00]: The literature we have to date offers exciting opportunities

[00:07:23] [SPEAKER_00]: to further our understanding of nutrition, health and disease.

[00:07:27] [SPEAKER_00]: Nutrition is a complex science,

[00:07:29] [SPEAKER_00]: and as such if you are struggling with a medical condition,

[00:07:32] [SPEAKER_00]: your weight or a diet-related issue,

[00:07:35] [SPEAKER_00]: it's best to consult a health professional like a registered dietitian

[00:07:38] [SPEAKER_00]: who is trained to deal with the multifactorial complexities of an individual.

[00:07:47] [SPEAKER_00]: You just listened to the post titled

[00:07:49] [SPEAKER_00]: The Lowdown on Personalized Nutrition by Nadia Mazari

[00:07:52] [SPEAKER_00]: with IdealNutrition.com.au

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[00:09:04] [SPEAKER_00]: Dr. Neal here for my commentary.

[00:09:07] [SPEAKER_00]: Whenever someone visits a healthcare professional,

[00:09:10] [SPEAKER_00]: especially a registered dietitian nutritionist,

[00:09:12] [SPEAKER_00]: nutrition is always personalized.

[00:09:14] [SPEAKER_00]: So I remember when I first heard this term, personalized nutrition,

[00:09:18] [SPEAKER_00]: I was confused.

[00:09:19] [SPEAKER_00]: I was like, shouldn't all nutrition be personalized?

[00:09:23] [SPEAKER_00]: But as today's author Nadia said,

[00:09:26] [SPEAKER_00]: this form of personalization where foods are recommended

[00:09:29] [SPEAKER_00]: or recommended to be avoided based on DNA testing

[00:09:33] [SPEAKER_00]: is a very new field.

[00:09:35] [SPEAKER_00]: Plus there are different forms of DNA testing

[00:09:37] [SPEAKER_00]: and different DNA collection methods.

[00:09:40] [SPEAKER_00]: Some of these are more accurate than others.

[00:09:42] [SPEAKER_00]: But probably more importantly as Nadia said in today's post,

[00:09:47] [SPEAKER_00]: there are many factors involved in predicting disease risk.

[00:09:50] [SPEAKER_00]: And diet is just one of those.

[00:09:53] [SPEAKER_00]: So personalized nutrition involves more than just looking at our DNA.

[00:09:57] [SPEAKER_00]: It needs to take our health history and current lifestyle

[00:10:01] [SPEAKER_00]: which includes diet into account.

[00:10:04] [SPEAKER_00]: All right that'll do it for the Monday episode.

[00:10:06] [SPEAKER_00]: I hope you have a great start to your week

[00:10:08] [SPEAKER_00]: and I'll be back here tomorrow as usual

[00:10:10] [SPEAKER_00]: where your Optima Life awaits.